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In this paper, we generalize a bi-Lipschitz extension result of David and Semmes from Euclidean spaces to complete metric measure spaces with controlled geometry (Ahlfors regularity and supporting a Poincaré inequality). In particular, we find sharp conditions on metric measure spaces X so that any bi-Lipschitz embedding of a subset of the real line into X extends to a bi-Lipschitz embedding of the whole line. Along the way, we prove that if the complement of an open subset Y of X has small Assouad dimension, then it is a uniform domain. Finally, we prove a quantitative approximation of continua in X by bi-Lipschitz curves. 

The Decomposition Problem in the class $$LIP(\S^2)$$ is to decompose any bi-Lipschitz map $$f:\S^2 \to \S^2$$ as a composition of finitely many maps of arbitrarily small isometric distortion. In this paper, we construct a decomposition for certain bi-Lipschitz maps which spiral around every point of a Cantor set $$X$$ of Assouad dimension strictly smaller than one. These maps are constructed by considering a collection of Dehn twists on the Riemann surface $$\S^2 \setminus X$$. The decomposition is then obtained via a bi-Lipschitz path which simultaneously unwinds these Dehn twists. As part of our construction, we also show that $$X \subset \S^2$$ is uniformly disconnected if and only if the Riemann surface $$\S^2 \setminus X$$ has a pants decomposition whose cuffs have hyperbolic length uniformly bounded above, which may be of independent interest. 

The Analyst's Traveling Salesman Problem asks for conditions under which a (finite or infinite) subset of $$\R^N$$ is contained on a curve of finite length. We show that for finite sets, the algorithm constructed in \cite{Schul-Hilbert,BNV} that solves the Analyst's Traveling Salesman Problem has polynomial time complexity and we determine the sharp exponent. 

An infinite iterated function system (IIFS) is a countable collection of contraction maps on a compact metric space. In this paper we study the conditions under which the attractor of such a system admits a parameterization by a continuous or Hölder continuous map of the unit interval. 

A quasiconformal tree is a doubling metric tree in which the diameter of each arc is bounded above by a fixed multiple of the distance between its endpoints. In this paper we show that every quasiconformal tree bi-Lipschitz embeds in some Euclidean space, with the ambient dimension and the bi-Lipschitz constant depending only on the doubling and bounded turning constants of the tree. This answers Question 1.6 of David and Vellis [Illinois J. Math. 66 (2022), pp. 189–244]. 

In this note we provide a quasisymmetric taming of uniformly perfect and uniformly disconnected sets that generalizes a result of MacManus [Rev. Mat. Iberoamericana 15 (1999), pp. 267–277] from 2 to higher dimensions. In particular, we show that a compact subset of R n \mathbb {R}^n is uniformly perfect and uniformly disconnected if and only if it is ambiently quasiconformal to the standard Cantor set C \mathcal {C} in R n + 1 \mathbb {R}^{n+1} . 

Abstract We investigate the Hölder geometry of curves generated by iterated function systems (IFS) in a complete metric space. A theorem of Hata from 1985 asserts that every connected attractor of an IFS is locally connected and path-connected. We give a quantitative strengthening of Hata’s theorem. First we prove that every connected attractor of an IFS is (1/ s )-Hölder path-connected, where s is the similarity dimension of the IFS. Then we show that every connected attractor of an IFS is parameterized by a (1/ α)-Hölder curve for all α > s . At the endpoint, α = s , a theorem of Remes from 1998 already established that connected self-similar sets in Euclidean space that satisfy the open set condition are parameterized by (1/ s )-Hölder curves. In a secondary result, we show how to promote Remes’ theorem to self-similar sets in complete metric spaces, but in this setting require the attractor to have positive s -dimensional Hausdorff measure in lieu of the open set condition. To close the paper, we determine sharp Hölder exponents of parameterizations in the class of connected self-affine Bedford-McMullen carpets and build parameterizations of self-affine sponges. An interesting phenomenon emerges in the self-affine setting. While the optimal parameter s for a self-similar curve in ℝ n is always at most the ambient dimension n , the optimal parameter s for a self-affine curve in ℝ n may be strictly greater than n .